What are the protection performance requirements for basement ventilation ducts?
Publish Time: 2024-08-22
The protection performance requirements of basement ventilation ducts mainly involve the following aspects to ensure that the safety of personnel and equipment can be effectively protected in wartime or special circumstances:
1. Airtightness requirements
Good airtightness: The ventilation duct system must have good airtightness to prevent external polluted air (such as nuclear, biological, and chemical pollutants and shock waves) from entering the basement through the duct. This requires strict control of the sealing treatment of the duct interfaces, connectors, and wall penetrations during the design, construction, and installation process.
2. Protection facility settings
Protective doors and closed doors: Protective doors and closed doors are set at the air inlet and outlet of the ventilation system to prevent external pollutants and shock waves from entering the basement. These doors should have sufficient strength and sealing to withstand the predetermined shock wave pressure.
Valve, closed valve, and closed wall pipe: Protective measures such as valves, closed valves, and closed wall pipes are set on the ventilation system to ensure that the ventilation system can be quickly closed or isolated when necessary to prevent the spread of pollutants.
3. Dust removal and gas filtering equipment
Special dust removal and gas filtering devices: Basements used for sheltering personnel must be equipped with special dust removal and gas filtering devices. These devices can filter and purify the air entering the basement, and send a certain amount of outdoor contaminated air to a safe concentration before sending it into the basement. Dust collectors are used to filter out large particles of dust in the air, while gas filters are used to filter and absorb toxic substances in the air.
4. Ventilation capacity
Independent ventilation system: Each protection system should be equipped with an air inlet and an air outlet to ensure that each protection system has an independent ventilation system during wartime. This helps prevent the spread of pollutants between different protection systems.
Overpressure and ventilation times: During gas filtering ventilation, it is necessary to ensure that there is a certain overpressure inside the basement, and exhaust ventilation is implemented for the oral anti-gas passage and contaminated area. This helps to "dilute" the contaminated air to a safe concentration and keep the air fresh inside the basement.
5. Monitoring and alarm system
Real-time monitoring: It is possible to understand the contamination and overpressure conditions inside and outside the basement at any time so that timely countermeasures can be taken. This usually requires the installation of corresponding monitoring equipment (such as radioactive monitoring sampling tubes, exhaust gas monitoring sampling tubes, etc.) and alarm systems.
6. Other requirements
Equipment selection and installation: Equipment in the ventilation duct system (such as fans, filters, etc.) should be selected in accordance with national standards and industry specifications, and should be selected, installed and debugged in strict accordance with design requirements.
Maintenance: Regularly inspect, maintain and maintain the ventilation duct system to ensure that it is in good working condition. In particular, attention should be paid to the cleaning and replacement of dust removal and gas filtering devices to ensure their filtering effect.
The protection performance requirements of basement ventilation ducts are multifaceted, including airtightness, protection facility settings, dust removal and gas filtering capabilities, ventilation and air exchange capabilities, monitoring and alarm systems, and equipment selection and installation. The realization of these requirements requires scientific design, strict construction and effective management to ensure.
